Creator, Redeemer, Sustainer, your Word is a light in the shadows, nourishment for our hunger, challenge for our complacency, and comfort for our sorrow. Enlighten, feed, challenge and cheer us today. Amen.
Epistle Readings
Ephesians 4: 4-6
4 There is one body and one Spirit, just as you were called to the one hope of your calling, 5 one Lord, one faith, one baptism, 6 one God and Creator of all, who is above all and through all and in all.
2 Corinthians 13: 11-13
Final Greetings and Benediction
11 Finally, brothers and sisters farewell. Put things in order, listen to my appeal, agree with one another, live in peace; and the God of love and peace will be with you. 12 Greet one another with a holy kiss. All the saints greet you.
13 The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ, the love of God, and the communion of the Holy Spirit be with all of you.
Hear what the Spirit is saying to all of us. Thanks be to God!
Sermon: “Trinity Talk: One-in-Three - God as Holy Mystery” Rev. Kim Vidal
You all know me as Kim – a minister, a teacher, a mother. But I am also a daughter, a sister, a wife. I describe myself as an empowerer, a lover, a friend. Three distinct words for one “me”. Not three Kims. Only one Kim. Now if you were to describe God, what words would you use? I’m sure you will have more than one description for God. I ask this question in the context of today’s sermon on the doctrine of Trinity. Like many other Christians, I wonder why we even spend time focusing on this 4th century doctrine. I believe that taking time to intentionally and thoughtfully examine the doctrine of Trinity is absolutely crucial to our understanding of the nature and character of God.
The first woman to have been ordained as a rabbi in Reconstructionist Judaism is Sandy Eisenberg Sasso. She had written a wonderful children’s book called In God’s Name. This book affirms the need to call God by many names: Source of Life – Creator of Light – Maker of Peace – My Rock –Ancient One – Mother – Father – Friend. The progressive Christian and professor, the Rev. Carl Gregg wrote: “We call God by many names because we recognize the limits of human language and that our lived experience of God is so diverse that no ONE name for God can capture the fullness of God.” The composer Brian Wren wrote a beautiful hymn called “Bring Many Names.” The lyrics he wrote in naming God is diverse: “Strong mother God, working night and day…Warm father God, hugging every child…Old, aching God…wiser than despair…Young, growing God, eager, on the move, crying out for justice…” Sasso, Gregg and Wren urge us to bring many names for God. They are windows of our lived experience of who God is in our lives.
Within Christianity, the most common expression of naming God is profound in the doctrine of Trinity expressed as Three-in-One, One-in-Three. Sounds like the 3 Musketeer’s motto: “All for one and one for all!” Putting words to that distinction, the church fathers who proposed this doctrine in the early 4th century chose to designate the Trinitarian Formula as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. There is no doubt, however, that this designation is both hierarchical and patriarchal. And the major problem flowing out of this is that the Christian Church itself, following the culture of its day, also became obsessed with hierarchy and patriarchy – top down and male dominated. This approach has had profound and oftentimes devastating political, religious and social consequences especially for women.
One of my Catholic colleagues from St. Paul University recalled the first time he became aware of just how difficult and obscure the doctrine of the Trinity can be. He said that as a teenager growing up in the Roman Catholic Church, he was asked to recite the Athanasian Creed. When he got to the part which reads, The Father incomprehensible, the Son incomprehensible, and the Holy Ghost incomprehensible, he muttered, too loudly to the horror of those around him, “Geez! The whole damn thing is incomprehensible!' I totally agree with him! His story does express a general feeling among many Christians, you and I included. ‘Trinity’ is incomprehensible indeed! Over the years, people came up with images and ideas to illustrate the Trinity. “Trinity is like an egg: shell, albumen and yoke, one thing.” How about this illustration from the Celtic tradition: “Trinity is like a three leaf clover: three leaves, one clover.” Or this: “Trinity is like water: three forms (ice, steam, liquid) as one substance.” But the funniest I’ve ever heard is this: “Trinity is like 3-in-1 shampoo: shampoo, conditioner, body wash - one substance.”
It is helpful to remember feminist theologian Elizabeth Johnson’s comments that “The New Testament…contains no full-blown doctrine of the Trinity…nor does the word ‘Trinity’ even appear.” A bit of history here. It was not until almost 200 years after Paul’s second letter to the Corinthians that the Christian apologist Tertullian, writing in the early 3rd century, attempted to apply the Greek word “Trinity” to Christian theology. And it was yet another century before the doctrine of the Trinity was more fully debated and formulated at the Council of Nicaea in 325 and the Council of Constantinople in 381. In other words, it would take 350 years after the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus before Christians, particularly the Church Fathers, were able to articulate a full-fledged doctrine of the Trinity. During those three centuries, there were also many other diverse ways that Christians understood their experiences with God besides the threefold pattern that eventually became the orthodox position. And here we are in the 21st century- still trying to decipher what could Trinity mean for us today.
A problem that may arise in our understanding of the Trinity is the fact that we see the Trinitarian God as a Person. We were taught in church particularly in Sunday School, that Trinity is God in Three Persons – this is what we profess in hymns like Holy, Holy, Holy or in the ancient creeds that some still recite. The late NT scholar Marcus Borg suggested that the Latin and Greek word “persona” translated as ‘person’ does not mean what ‘person’ most commonly means in English. Today, a ‘person’ means a separate being. But ‘persona’ in the ancient texts refers to the mask worn by actors in Greek and Roman theatres. Borg’s comments caught my imagination: “To speak of one God and three persons is to say that God is known to us wearing three different ‘masks’... in three different roles” (Borg 1997:98). Indeed, a Holy mystery. A multi-faceted sacredness - creating, indwelling, sustaining, resisting, recreating, challenging, guiding, liberating, completing. Borg suggests that when we step away from a literalist understanding, ‘Trinity’ shows that God is not primarily a lawgiver and judge but the compassionate one. And the religious life is not about requirements, but about relationship.” So where does that leave us in terms of understanding the doctrine of the Trinity in this time and place?
In her book, She Who Is, Elizabeth Johnson traces the origin of Trinitarian thinking to early Christians especially those who follow Paul and his teachings. Although Paul did not attempt to define the doctrine of Trinity, the closing verses in most of Paul’s authentic letters and those attributed to him accentuate how the early Christians “experienced God in a threefold way.” His letters particularly to the 2nd Corinthians is a good resource in understanding Trinity. Paul, Johnson writes, “experienced the saving God in a threefold way as God beyond them, God with them, and God within them, that is, as utterly transcendent, as present historically in the person of Jesus, and as present in the Spirit within their community. These were all encounters with only one God. Accordingly, the early Christians talk about God in this threefold pattern: “the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, the love of God, and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all.” Early Christian letters and gospels are filled with this threefold cadence that appears in hymns, greetings, confessions of faith, liturgical formulas, doxologies, and short rules of faith…. In the process, the monotheistic view of God flexed to incorporate Jesus and the Spirit…. Their language expanded creatively to accommodate their threefold religious experience.
I like what Johnson proposes, that the early Christians believed in one monotheistic God, but they experienced this one God in at least three particular ways: “beyond them, with them, and within them.” I think this is one of the many ways we could address this doctrine of Trinity in this day and age. Like the early Christians, we may experience a transcendent God who is beyond us. This means that the fullness of God is beyond our language, beyond our knowledge, and beyond our experience. On June 10th, the United Church of Canada is turning 95 years old. In the United Church of Canada’s Song of Faith, we profess that God is Holy Mystery. But this does not mean that we should sit comfortably and say – I do not need to explain this because mystery is mystery. I think we are making a big mistake if we ignore to understand and unearth this Holy Mystery in our midst. The best way to do this is naming God that speaks to our own lived experience. When I was about 5 years old, I imagine the vast ocean as God – with all living creatures underneath, the endless horizon touching the sky and the beautiful waves that kiss the shore. Through the years, I’ve added more to the mysteriousness of God by embracing more liberal, unorthodox concepts. God is like a tree – with branches and leaves and flowers and fruits – yet it is one huge tree. God is a positive energy giving life to all creation. Do not be afraid to use metaphors when you talk about God. Such is the beauty of expanding our thoughts and understanding of challenging doctrines like the Trinity.
Time and time again, we experience God with us in the flesh, believed historically in the person of Jesus. This became known as the theology of Incarnation: that Jesus embodied the ways of God through his life. We also experience God as within us, “as present in the Spirit within our community.” So, although there was a transcendent aspect of God that would always be beyond our experience and even after Jesus was no longer physically with us, we still experience the presence of God through the power of the Holy Spirit.
So here’s my challenge for you as you reflect on Trinity. How do you respond to the traditional language of Father, Son, Holy Spirit? Are you comfortable with these words? What feelings, thoughts, or memories emerge in response to these metaphors? For me, I see the doctrine of Trinity as a metaphor for connectedness or relationship. It encompasses God as a creative energy, present in Jesus - a just companion in our journey and alive in a community through the Spirit of mutual trust and friendship. I also embrace Augustine’s one of many attempts at alternative Trinitarian language: “Lover, Beloved, Love.” God is the Lover, Jesus is the Beloved, and the Spirit is Love. When we acknowledge a loving God, following the teachings of Jesus the beloved, who promotes the Spirit of love, imagine how the world will be like. A world where hatred and violence will be no more, where we are able to embrace the other as our sister or brother no matter what colour of the skin, no matter which status in life, no matter what creed one professes. What about you? How would you name God? What is your personal understanding of Trinity?
Deeply seated in the Celtic tradition is the mystery of God as One in Three. It was believed that St. Patrick taught the early Irish people the meaning of Trinity through the image of a shamrock. A poem attributed to St. Patrick during his Irish ministry in the 5th century expresses the Celtic meaning of Trinity. I leave you this prayer as you continue to reflect on the meaning of Trinity: I bind unto myself today The strong Name of the Trinity, by invocation of the same The Three in One and One in Three. Christ be with me, Christ within me, Christ behind me, Christ before me, Christ beside me, Christ to win me, Christ to comfort and restore me. Christ beneath me, Christ above me, Christ in quiet, Christ in danger, Christ in hearts of all that love me, Christ in mouth of friend and stranger. I bind unto myself the Name, The strong Name of the Trinity, By invocation of the same, The Three in One and One in Three. Amen.
Prayers of the People
Let us join our hearts prayer
Creator, Christ, Comforter, today we celebrate the 95th anniversary of The United Church of Canada. We give thanks for the many ways of being a community of love, a community that embraces inclusion, compassion, justice, and truth. We celebrate how we continue to work towards living in right relationships and in healing the world. We pause to honour those who have gone before us and those who are still with us: ministers, lay leaders, educators, preachers, teachers, administrators, caregivers, dishwashers, builders, bakers, storytellers, peacemakers, musicians, and so many more—all part of the cloud of witnesses.
Lover, Beloved, Love, we are grateful for your constant caring among us in our faith community. We pray for our young ones and elders, our families, the singles, the couples, those of us who yearn for companionship. We pray for the wider church, the Regional Council where we belong, our Moderator and all the leaders of the United Church of Canada that they may guide us to life-giving ministries. I pray that all hearts and voices be heard as each congregation take a significant step in their desire to becoming one family of faith.
Compassionate God, we pray for people for whom the world is dark, for those who are dealing with pain and suffering, illness, loneliness, homelessness, poverty, disability, hunger, addictions, and broken relationships. May your light and love fill their lives so they may be both healed. We take a moment now, in silence, to offer the names of those who need your healing touch...
Justice-seeking God, there is an ongoing racial strife in the United States that sparked anger and protests in the US, here in Canada and many parts of the world. We pray that racial justice may be attained very soon, that it may lead us to dream with Martin Luther King. Jr where children are not judged by the colour of their skin. Empower us to welcome people of every colour, ethnicity and creed. Encourage us to be advocates of the sacredness of human life that welcomes all. We pray for those who are trying to survive devastating periods of terror, violence, war, unrest, hunger, displacement and the continued challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. Triune God, deliver us from fear, greed, and all evil things that keep us away from your love.
Be with us as we long for fresh hopes and dreams for a better world. And with grateful hearts, let us unite in this prayer that Jesus taught us in the language of your choice:
Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be thy Name.
Thy Kingdom come.
Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.
Give us this day our daily bread.
And forgive us our trespasses,
As we forgive those who trespass against us.
And lead us not into temptation,
But deliver us from evil.
For thine is the kingdom, The power, and the glory, For ever and ever. Amen.
The Offering: Rev. Kim Vidal
I now invite you to offer our gifts of time, talents and resources as expressions of our gratitude to God’s blessings. If you are not on PAR and wish to send in your offering and donations, you can drop them in the slot by the kitchen door of the church or mail them to BCUC. You can also send in your support through e-transfer. Thank you for your continued love and support to BCUC.
Offertory Prayer
Gracious God, may love, hope and shalom be a reality through the sharing of our time, talents, treasures and commitment. Accept what we offer and who we are. Amen.
Sending Forth: (inspired by the words of UCC Song of Faith) Lorrie Lowes
May God, who we speak of as one and triune: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit,
be with you as you go from here.
May you be strengthened by the Creator, Redeemer, and Sustainer,
Emboldened by God, Christ, and Spirit,
Held by Mother, Friend, and Comforter,
Inspired by the Source of Life, Living Word, and Bond of Love,
And, as you go, may you know that the One on whom our hearts rely,
blesses us and sends us forth to witness to Holy Mystery that is Wholly Love. Amen
Departing Music: My Soul Cries Out - More Voices #120